Although local differences in air temperature and the earths rotation. Air pollution and its effects on health case studies, india. Indoor air quality complaints in apartments and hotels where to go when you have an iaq problem in an apartment or hotel. Epa studies indicate that the levels of many air pollutants may be two to five times higher in indoor air than outdoor air. This page contains materials in the portable document format pdf. Indoor air quality is influenced by concentrations of outdoor air pollutants, indoor sources of pollution, characteristics of the building and the habits of the residents. The free adobe reader may be required to view these files. To indoor air pollution the first and most obvious step in reducing indoor air pollution is to reduce offgassing from building materials and furnishings before they are allowed to be installed. Indoor air quality royal borough of kensington and chelsea. Developing indoor air quality guidelines 2 setting indoor air quality guidelines 4 preparation of the guidelines 7 combined exposures 9 use of the indoor air quality guidelines in protecting public health 11 references 1. Indoor air pollution environmental health student portal. Introduction although pollutant concentrations vary significantly from building to building, the levels of some common air pollutants often are greater indoors than outdoors. The aim of this factsheet is to describe the main sources of indoor air pollution, what causes the problem and what we can all do to reduce the risk of ill health from indoor air pollution.
The dangers of air pollution children and air pollution air pollution from energy production, transport, industry, agriculture and households is the number one environmental threat to health in europe and globally1. The world health organization who recognises air pollution as a leading risk factor for major chronic diseases in adults. It creates smog and acid rain, causes cancer and respiratory diseases, reduces the ozone layer atmosphere and contributes to global warming. In some cases, indoor air pollutants may even be 100 times higher than outdoors. Guideline for the characterization of volatile organic compounds emitted from indoor. The amount of ventilation in a building is important when thinking about. Air pollution occurs when gases, dust particles, fumes or smoke or odour are introduced into the atmosphere in a way that makes it harmful to humans, animals and plant. Jun 05, 2015 identify possible sources of indoor air pollution. Indoor air quality in the workplace information regarding iaq in the workplace. Itchy, watery eyes sore throat fatigue indoor air pollutants can affect us all. The increase in the global concentrations of greenhouse gases co 2, ch 4, and n 2 o shown in table 1, can be called air pollution using this approach, even though the concentrations have not found to be. Indoor air pollution has been associated with a wide range of health. Indoor air pollution indian academy of sciences pdf. Indoor air pollution is caused by burning solid fuel sources such as firewood, crop waste, and dung for cooking and heating.
Air plays a vital role not only in nature but also in the lives of human beings and all living organisms. The european commission has developed a series of framework directives for controlling ambient air pollution and monitoring concentrations. Indoor air quality leaflet pdf file file size 818kb monitoring pollution levels in your home while the council has a responsibility to monitor levels of some key pollutants in the outdoor air we do not have equipment to monitor pollution inside homes. School district liability for indoor air quality conditions iii. An easy experiment is to try some of the solutions for indoor air pollution listed on this page and see if you notice a difference. This makes household air pollution hap one of the leading health risk. Air pollution is one of the worlds largest health and environmental problems.
An electronic retrievable copy pdf file of this report may be obtained for no cost from the environmental law. While dated, it is still relevant as it describes sources of air pollution in the home and office, corrective strategies, and specific measures for reducing pollutant levels. Best practices for design, construction and commissioning is designed for architects, design engineers, contractors, commissioning agents, and all other professionals concerned with indoor air quality summary part i and detailed part ii guidance provides. The humidity inside can affect the concentrations of some indoor air pollutants. Chronic exposure to urban air pollution affects lung function, increases the risk of cvd and lung cancer, alters immunity, induces dna and. Based on figures from the institute for health metrics and evaluation ihme, 2.
Emissions from combustion of solid fuels for cooking and heating causes indoor pollution, as well as outdoor. Indoor air pollution by formaldehyde in european countries. Indoor air pollution may arise from the use of open fires, unsafe fuels or combustion of. Pdf causes, consequences and control of air pollution. Further guidelines on indoor air quality in relation to pollution emanating from specific chemicals and combustion products are under development. Teachers guide to indoor air quality good and bad news for everyone. Outdoor air pollution indoor air pollution also affects outdoor air nigel bruceitdg indoor smoke polluting the ambient air in a small village in nepal. Benzene 15 general description 15 indoor sources 15 pathways of exposure 17 indoor concentrations 18 indoor outdoor. Indoor air pollution can pose a serious health threat. The changes were positively associated with pm 10 and pm 2. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so dont worry about it. Fuel types, traditional cooking stoves and air pollution. Such groups include the young, the elderly, and the chronically ill, especially those suffering from respiratory or cardiovascular disease.
Indoor air pollution is one of the worlds largest environmental problems. Environmental protection agency, office of air and radiation. The council has also produced a leaflet which highlights some of the factors that can lead to poor air quality in the home, as well as advice on ways to improve it. Consequences of air pollution co 2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but it also partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space, which produces the socalled greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the earth during the night increasing the amount of co 2 in the atmosphere. Indoor air pollution may arise from the use of open fires, unsafe fuels or combustion of biomass fuels, coal and kerosene. Indoor air is often more contaminated to begin with, and most people spend over 90 percent of their. About 27,000 people died from hap in andhra pradesh in 2016 according to gbd 2016. The national aeronautics space administration nasa identified indoor air pollution problems associated. Publications about indoor air quality indoor air quality. In the short term, exposure to high concentrations of indoor air pollution can cause eye irritation, headaches, nose and throat irritation, fatigue, and dizziness. Indoor air pollution and the lungs european lung foundation. Indoor air pollution, health and economic wellbeing.
Energy sector management assistance programme esmap purpose the energy sector management assistance program esmap is a global technical assistance partnership administered by the world bank and sponsored by bilateral official. Some of these links may be to general air quality programs. These toolkits can help you communicate with consumers about public health issues related to air pollution. About 38% of the population in andhra pradesh relied on solid fuels for cooking in 201516. Central heaters and air conditioners have filters to trap dust and other pollutants in the air. Call 311 to get more information about indoor air quality, or to file a complaint about air problems. In this industrial age, air pollution cannot be eliminated completely. India household energy, indoor air pollution and health. The major historical air pollution episodes all occurred during stagnant inversions in regions that had significant sources of combustionrelated air pollutants see chapter 1. Indoor air pollution from solid fuel use and urban outdoor air pollution are estimated to be responsible for 3. The environmental protection agency has found that indoor air is two to.
Gas stoves or badly installed woodburning units with poor ventilation and maintenance can increase the indoor levels of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide and particles. Statistics suggest that in developing countries, health impacts of indoor air. Frequently asked questions and additional resources. Etiology can be difficult to establish because many signs and symptoms are nonspecific, making differential diagnosis a. The bad news about indoor air is that it often contains higher concentrations of hazardous pollutants than outdoor air. Indoor air pollution is the degradation of indoor air quality by harmful chemicals and other materials. Poor indoor air quality has been linked to sick building syndrome, reduced productivity and impaired learning in schools. Report to congress on indoor air quality, volume ii. Air pollution threatens the health of humans and other living beings in our planet. Benzene 15 general description 15 indoor sources 15 pathways of exposure 17 indoor concentrations 18 indooroutdoor. Sometimes the symptoms resemble asthma, while others resemble cold symptoms. The following links are to offices or programs identified by each state as dealing with indoor air related health inquiries. The burning of such fuels, particularly in poor households, results in air pollution that leads to respiratory diseases which can result in premature death. Lead healthy homes brochure pdf new york state department of health.
Air pollution reference list authors title and citation link to article balakrishnan k et al addressing the burden of disease attributable to air pollution in india. To reach the correct agency for filing a complaint, please select the topic below that best describes your issue. If you would like to printed copy, please email air. Benefits and costs of addressing indoor air pollution challenges in bangladesh benefits and costs of household cooking options for air pollution control bjorn larsen, environmental economist consultant. Read online indoor air pollution indian academy of sciences book pdf free download link book now. Causes of air pollution from the built environment world. Environmental protection agency sets and enforces air quality standards only for ambient air.
A tool kit pdf icon pdf 3 mb you can also share this podcast with tips for avoiding the harmful health effects of poor air quality. Estimated 7 to 8 million premature deaths annually are caused by indoor air pollution. Tobacco smoke is one of the most significant indoor sources of air pollution. Sources and health impacts pollutants from natural sources pollutant major sources in the home possible health impacts radon colorless, tasteless, and odorless gas that comes from the radioactive decay of uranium or radium. Talk to your doctor if you think you are having health effects from the air in your home. Indoor air pollution can come from many places, including open fires and heaters, building materials and furniture, cleaning products and cooling systems, and air pollution that comes in from outdoors if you would like to know more about outdoor air pollution, please read our factsheet at. Indoor air quality iaq deals with the content of interior air that could affect health and comfort of building occupants. A monitoring and evaluation report on the capacity. Indoor air quality when we think of air pollution, it is important to.
Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and releases carbon dioxide, if this procedure does not take. The resulting indoor air pollution iap is a major threat to health, particularly for women. Because of this, outdoor air cannot enter as easily and dilute or clear away pollutants. The good news is that everyone can reduce indoor air pollution. Answering yes to these questions doesnt necessarily mean you have indoor air pollution, but its a good indication. Such groups include the young, the elderly, and the. These are the problems more likely to be encountered by the primary health care provider. Health effects and sources of indoor air pollution. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and. Pollutants found within all types of buildings can be harmful to people across the world, with nearly 4 million deaths per year attributed to exposure to household air pollutants 2. Pollutants can cause a wide range of shortterm and longterm health problems. Download indoor air pollution indian academy of sciences book pdf free download link or read online here in pdf. Indoor air pollutants and health effects pdf file size 63kb useful links to further information.
Taking an exposure history procedures and form for measuring toxicants in the home and environment. Effects of indoor air pollution on human health inive. Living organisms can survive without water for some time but cannot survive without air because when we breathe then we intake oxygen from air and releases carbon dioxide, if this procedure does not take place then it is difficult to survive. Air quality air quality resources for professionals cdc. Reduce indoor air pollution organic consumers association. Asbestos, biologic agents, building materials, radon, tobacco smoke, and. A tool kit pdf icon pdf 726 kb heart health and air pollution. Assessment and control of indoor air pollution, pp. Indoor air quality iaq is the air quality within and around buildings and structures. We conclude with a discussion on what is known regarding the effectiveness of popular strategies to combat indoor air pollution in developing countries. Indoor air pollution is when pollutants contaminate air indoors and is a very dangerous problem, claiming more than 2 million lives each year. Pitt et al 2006 provide indirect evidence on the effect of indoor air pollution on productivity by constructing a model where households allocate female labor. The clinician should consider the following possible sources of indoor air pollution when eliciting information on exposures.
In massachusetts, massdep works with boards of health, fire departments, massdot, dph and other state and local partners to address air pollution complaints involving dust, noise, odor, smoke, and vehicle idling, emissions and pollution. Problems in the indoor air of workplaces are issues which occupational health care often needs to consider when evaluating the health risks of a work environment, but, for the time being, there is very little information on the causal relations of indoor air problems and the mechanisms behind them. Best practices for design, construction and commissioning is designed for architects, design engineers, contractors, commissioning agents, and all other professionals concerned with indoor air quality. Since most people spend more time indoors than out. Indoor air pollution is ubiquitous, and takes many forms, ranging from smoke emitted from solid fuel combustion, especially in households in developing countries, to complex mixtures of volatile. Ninetytwo percent of the world population breathe polluted air, and about 7 million deaths are attributed to air pollution each year. They can especially threaten the health and comfort of young children, the elderly, people with chronic illnesses, and the. Iaq is known to affect the health, comfort and wellbeing of building occupants. It is related to the choice of construction materials and associated with voc emissions. This is our most popular and comprehensive publication on the subject of indoor air quality. Agency for toxic substances and disease registry atsdr general information on air pollution and human health discusses the types of air pollution, the air quality index, and the effects of pollution on humans.
Furthermore, the reliance on solid fuels and inefficient stoves has other, farreaching consequences for. We look in detail at the data and research on the health impacts of indoor air pollution, attributed deaths, and its causes across the world in our full entry. Mar 24, 2017 air pollution ppt and pdf for free download. Because a few prominent aspects of indoor air pollution, notably environmental tobacco smoke pg. In addition, people who may be exposed to indoor air pollutants for the longest periods of time are often those most susceptible to the effects of indoor air pollution. The resulting indoor air pollution iap is a major threat to health, particularly for women and young children, who may spend many hours close to the fire. Household energy, indoor air pollution and health report 26102 november 2002. The weight of an air contaminant in a cubic meter of air 3mgm and the volume ratio ppm v, or just ppm. Hundreds of internal and external links to resources for the design, construction, and commissioning of. Indoor air pollution can be as dangerous, or more, than outdoor air pollution. Make sure to change or clean the filters regularly, following the instructions on the package. The iaq may be compromised by microbial contaminants mold, bacteria. More than half of the global burden of disease from air pollution is borne.
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